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Acquisition of external capital at start-up stage : Differences between Swedish female- and male-owned firms
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Publication Details
Subtitle: Differences between Swedish female- and male-owned firms
Author list: Yazdanfar, Darush
Publication year: 2012
Start page: 435
End page: 451
Number of pages: 17
ISSN: 1476-1297
Abstract
This research explores differences in external capital acquisition between female- and male-owned firms at start-up stage in Sweden. The study sample is taken from a unique and large database including 836 female- and 1928 male-owned firms in 2008, giving a total of 47,022 observations. ANOVA, multinomial logistic regression, and other robust statistical tests are employed to analyse the data. The results indicate that two variables, i.e., loans from family members and government grants, are significant in distinguishing between female- and male-owned firms in terms of external start-up capital. The findings also indicate that owners previous experience and having an additional job outside ones own business influence the use of external capital at start-up stage. Knowledge of the difference between female- and maleowned firms use external capital at start-up stage is limited and ambiguous. The present results contribute to research into small firm financing by adding insight into the relationships between capital acquisition, gender, and other variables. Copyright © 2012 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
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